Robert William Fogel is director of the Center for Population Economics and Charles R. Walgreen Distinguished Service Professor of American Institutions at the University of Chicago. Cowinner of the Nobel Prize in economics in 1993, he is the author of Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery; Without Consent or Contract: The Rise and Fall of American Slavery; The Fourth Great Awakening and the Future of Egalitarianism; and many other books. Fogel is a member of the European Academy of Arts, Sciences, and Humanities; former president of the American Economic Association; and winner of the Bancroft Prize in American History and the Gustavus Myers Award for Human Rights.